简单句可分为下列五种形式：
1) 主语 + 系动词 + 表语。
I am a student.
我是一名学生。
You are a teacher.
你是一位教师。
She is a worker.
她是一个工人。
The picture is beautiful.
照片很漂亮。
The football is on the floor.
足球在地上。
2) 主语 + 不及物动词。
The sun rises in the east.
太阳从东方升起。
We arrived at Beijing yesterday.
我们昨天到达北京。
They have worked for tree hours this morning.
他们今早工作了三个小时。
3) 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语
We help each other.
我们互相帮忙。
I have received a letter from my parents.
我收到一封我父母亲的信。
I bought a bike last year.
去年我买了一辆自行车。
4) 主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
I gave him a book last week.
上周我给了他一本书。
My parents will buy me a gift.
我父母亲将给我买一件礼品。
5) 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语.
I heard him singing in the hall.
我听见他在大厅里唱歌。
I saw her watching TV play.
我看到她在看电视。
并 列 句
并列句: 用并列连接词把两个或两个以上的简单句连接在一起的句子叫并列句.常用的连接词如下:
also, and, but, either ... or, however, not only...but also, or, or else, so, still, yet, neither...nor.
并列句的构成:
简单句 + 连接词 + 简单句。
He studied hard and he passed the examination.
他学习努力并通过了考试。
Let's hurry, or we'll be late.
咱们赶紧点,要不就迟到啦。
I have been to Beijing many times but my parents have never been there.
我去过北京多次,但我父母亲从没去过。
复 合 句
复合句是由两个或两个以上的有主谓结构的句子用从属连词连接起来的句子。其中一个句子是主体,叫做主句,而其他的句子叫做从句。
从句由连接词引导, 它们是:
that, before, whether, if, although, because, as long as, as soon as, since, after, who, which, whom, what, whose, why, where, how,when,
从句尽管有主谓结构,但不能单独成为一个句子,在句中, 从句仅担任某个成分,根据担任的成分从句可分主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,定语从句,状语从句。
主语从句 在句中起主语作用的句子叫做主语从句.
主语从句一般放在句首。
引导主语从句的词有下列:
that, who, whether, if, what, which, when, where, how, why.
Who cleaned the blackboard is not known yet.
谁擦的黑板还不知道。
What he said is not true.
他说的不是实话.
That he'll come to see us is really great.
他来看我们真是太好啦。
It's very good that he has passed the exam.
他通过了考试太好了。
宾语从句 在句中起宾语作用的句子叫做宾语从句，宾语从句放在动词后面。
引导宾语从句的词有下列。
that, if, whether, what, which, when, where, how, why,
I didn't expect that he had broken the glass.
我没有想到他把玻璃打破了。
Could you tell me who is your teacher?
你能告诉我谁是你的教师吗?
I don't know why he is absent.
我不知道为什么他不在。
表语从句 在句中起表语作用的句子叫做表语从句，表语从句放在系动词的后面。
引导表语从句的词有下列。
that, if, whether, what, which, when, where how, why等.
The question is whether he will join us next time.
问题是下次他是否跟我们一起干。
That is why I am late.
这就是我为什么迟到。
定语从句 在句中起定语作用的句子叫做定语从句，定语从句放在被修饰的名词后面。
引导定语从句的词有下列。
who, whose, that, which, whom, when, where why.
Do you know the man who is in the car.
你认识坐在汽车里的人吗?
This is the place where I was born.
这就是我出生的地方。
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That is the reason why he lost his job.
这就是他为什么失去工作的原因。
状语从句 在句中起状语作用的句子叫做状语从句，状语从句一般放在句后,强调时放在句首。
He opened the windows since it was hot.
由于天气热，他打开了窗户。
When he was young,he couldn't go to school。
他年青的时候没能上学。
I'll let you know as soon as he come back.
他一回来我就告诉你。
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