温馨提醒：2010年自学考试时刻：分袂在1月,4月,7月和10月进行。
I. Each of the statements below is followed by fouralternative answers. Choose the one that best completes thestatement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)
1. When we talk about a word in visual terms, a word can bedefined as a ____ group of letters printed or written horizontallyacross a piece of paper. ( )
A. small B. meaningful
C. vocal D. largehttp://www.hbkxw.com
2. ____ belongs to the sub-standard language, a category thatseems to stand between the standard general words includinginformal ones available to everyone and in-group words. ( )
A. Terminology B. Jargon
C. Slang D. Argot
3. “I''m sure that they will come today.”湖北快学网www.hbkxw.com
There are____content words in the above sentence. ( )
A. 2 B. 3
C. 4 D. 5
4. Which of the following is one of the three channels throughwhich modern English vocabulary develops? ( )
A. Acronym. B. Blending.
C. Elevation. D. Borrowing.http://www.hbkxw.com
5. Social, economic and political changes bring about such newwords as the followings EXCEPT____. ( )
A. kungfu B.TV dinner
C. fast food D. Watergate
6. In modern times, ____is the most important way ofvocabulary expansion. ( )
A. semantic change B. borrowing
C, expansion D. creation
7. The plural morphme “-s” is realizd by/Iz/after thefollowing sounds EXCEPT____.
( )
A. /s/ B. /g/
c. /z/ D. /ろ/
8. The word “idealistic” comprises ____morphemes. ( )
A. 1 B. 2
C. 3 D. 4
9. The following words have inflectional affixes EXCEPT ____.()
A. happier B. worker
C. harder D. taller
10. “Washing machine” is a word formed by____.( )
A. prefixation B. compounding
C. conversion D. blending
11. “TV” is a(n) ____.( )
A. initialism B. acronym
C. derivative D. compound
12. The prefix “mis-” in the word “mistrust” is a ____prefix.( )
A. negative B. reversative
C. pejorative D. locative
13. Which of the following is NOT one of the meanings of “wordmeaning”? ( )
A. Reference. B. Concept.
C. Sense. D. Pronunciation.
14. Such synonymous pair as “die-pass away” has the same____but different stylistic values.
( )
A. reference B. concept
C. motivation D. style
15. The word “airmail” is ____motivated. ( )
A. onomatopoeically B. etymologically
C. semantically D. morphologically
16. Words are arbitrary symbols with independent identities sofar as their spelling and pronunciation is concerned. But ____, allwords are related in one way or another.( )
A. linguistically B. semantically
C. grammatically D. pragmatically
17, ____, the basic meaning of a word is the core ofword-meaning called the central meaning. ( )
A. Onomatopoeically B. Diachronically
C. Synchronically D. Etymologically
18. One important criterion to tell the fundamental differencebetween homonyms and polysemants is to see their____. ( )
A. ideology B. etymology
C. mythology D. methodology
19. Vocabulary is the most ____element of a language as it isundergoing constant changes both in form and content. ( )
A. unbalanced B. unstable
C. unhinged D. undoubted
20. In Shakespeare''s well-known Hamlet, rival means “____”andjump means “just”. ( )
A. janitor B. partner
C. collector D. observer
21. In the sentence “Just after two years he is quite a grownboy now.” The word grown can be classified into ____sense oftransfer. ( )
A. physical B. objective
C. sensational D. subjective
22. In some cases, the meaning of a word may be influenced bythe structure in which it occurs. This is called ____context. ()
A. non-linguistic B. lexical
C. grammatical D. cultural
23. The sentence “He is a hard businessman.” is ambiguous dueto____. ( )
A. grammatical structure B. lexical context
C. homonymy D. polysemy
24. The extra-linguistic context may extend to embrace theentire____. ( )
A. physical situation B. grammatical structure
C. mental activity D. cultural background
25. Which of the following is NOT one respect of therhetorical features of idioms? ( )
A. Phonetic manipulation. B. Lexical manipulation.
C. Syntactical manipulation. D. Figures of speech.
26. In nothing flat as an idiom is ____in nature. ( )
A. verbal B. nominal
C. adjectival D. adverbialhttp://www.hbkxw.com
27. The idiom “failure is the mother of success” is a ____ asfar as figures of speech are concerned. ( )
A. simile B. metaphor
C. metonymy D. personification
28. Which of the following is NOT one of the three goodgeneral dictionaries mentioned in the textbook? ( )
A. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English.
B. Webster''s Third New International Dictionary.
C. A Chinese-English Dictionary.
D. Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary.
29. Webster''s Third New International Dictionary is thebest-known ______dictionary. ( )
A. unabridged B. desk
C. pocket D. encyclopedic
30. British dictionaries generally use____to mark thepronunciation.
A. British Phonetic Alphabet B. American Phonetic Alphabet
C. International Phonetic Alphabet D. Webster''s PhoneticAlphabet
II. Match the words in Column A with the words in Column Baccording to 1) types of prefixes; 2) the functions of affixes; 3)types of antonyms; and 4) types of meanings. (10%)
A B
( ) 31. appreciative meanings A. maltreat
( ) 32. parent/child B. Jap/nigger
( ) 33. pejorative prefixes C. tremble (not quiver) withfear
( ) 34. man/woman D. famous/determined
( ) 35. hyperactive/superfreeze E.extraordinary/telecommunication
( ) 36. collocative meaning E prefixes of degree
( ) 37. decompose/unwrap G. inflectional affixes
( ) 38. pejorative meaning H. reversative prefixes
( ) 39. radios/desks I. contradictory terms
( ) 40. locative prefixes J. relative terms
llI. Complete the following statements with proper words orexpressions according to the course book. (10%)
41. Grammarians insist that a word be a ____form that canfunction in a sentence.
42. In modern English, word endings were mostly lost with justa few exceptions because English has evolved from a syntheticlanguage to the present ____language.
43. The morphemes can be grouped into free morphemes and____morphemes.
44. New words which are created by adding affixes to stems arecalled____.
45. Though having little lexical meaning, ____words havestrong grammatical meaning.
46. The vocabulary of a language is in constant change; olditems drop out, new items come in, and as the new replace the old,so the internal ____of the whole set alter.
47. The attitudes of classes have also made inroads intolexical meaning in the case of elevation or____.
48. The sentence “I like Mary better than Jean.” will leadto____.
49. The fixity of idioms depends on the____.
50. Encyclopedic dictionaries can be further divided into____and encyclopedic dictionaries.
IV. Define the following terms. (10%)
51. borrowed words
52. conversion
53. motivation
54. narrowing
55. replacement of idioms
V. Answer the following questions. Your answers should beclear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.(20%)
56. What are derivational affixes?
57. What is grammatical meaning of a word? Give an example toillustrate your point.
58. What type of transfer is experienced for the word in boldtype?
The fairy tale “The Sleeping Beauty” is very interesting.
59. Decide whether the following statement is true or false,based on your understanding of the stylistic features ofidioms.
Stylistically speaking, most idioms are neither formal norinformal.
VI. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answersin the space given below. (20%)
60. Analyze and comment, with a diagram, on the italicizedwords increase, extend and expand in the following three sentencesbased on the concept of discrimination of synonyms.
[a] The company has decided to increase its sales by ten percent next year.
[b] The owner of the restaurant is going to extend the kitchenby ten feet this year.
[c] The metal will expand if heated.
61.State the roles of context in determination of wordmeaning. Illustrate your points with examples.
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